Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia was born not out of a long-term ideological project, but out of political urgency. Its founding in 2016 was driven by a single overriding objective: to dislodge Najib Razak and weaken UMNO’s long-standing dominance of Malay politics. Under Dr Mahathir Mohamad’s patronage, Bersatu was designed primarily as a vehicle for his own political ambitions rather than any sincere attempt to serve as a party of the masses. n.Bersatu’s current collapse, marked by internal revolts, leadership crises and organisational disintegration, is not a sudden accident. It is the delayed consequence of how the party was conceived and led from the very beginning. Mahathir’s leadership style has consistently privileged personalised authority over institutional development. During his long premiership, power was centralised in the executive, weakening norms of cabinet collective responsibility, parliamentary oversight and internal party democracy. This cultivated a political cu...